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Exploration commenced with discovery of the Silver King mine in 1886 and later the
rich Athabasca gold mine in 1896. The resulting gold rush lead to the establishment
of the city of Nelson, and discovery of a number of smaller gold mines. Included
on the Kena property are the Gold Cup, Euphrates, Three Friends, Noman A/B veins,
Dighem, Princess, Cariboo, Great Western, Daylight-Berlin, Victoria-Jessie, Starlight,
North Star, Toughnut and Athabasca Mine, all of which have historic gold workings.
The Property also includes the historic high grade copper and silver producer, the
Silver King Mine which has been decommissioned.
The Kena Property has been worked by a number of exploration companies from 1974
to 1991. No work had been done on the property from that time until Sultan Minerals
acquired it in late 1999. Previous work on the property included geology, geochemistry,
geophysics, trenching and drilling. Prior drilling concentrated on the Kena Gold
Zone, with smaller programs carried out on the Kena Copper Zone, the Dighem Zone
and the Shaft showing.
During exploration programs completed over the past four years, Sultan Minerals
has discovered a large area of gold mineralization associated with the Silver King
intrusive and its contact areas. Narrow high-grade gold shoots within broad envelopes
of lower grade gold mineralization occur within this system. Geology, gold soil
geochemistry, surface and trench rock samples, and geophysical surveying all indicate
the presence of a zone, some 3000 metres in length and up to 1400 metres in width
that is host to significant gold mineralization. This zone is termed the Gold Mountain
Zone.
Gold showings have therefore been recognized on the historically worked Kena Gold,
Kena Copper and Cat/Shaft Zones, and the newly discovered Gold Mountain Zone, and
also on the numerous additional old mines and claims referred to above.
In 1999 and 2000, Sultan Minerals optioned the Kena property and conducted exploration
programs consisting of sampling of existing diamond drill core, geological and structural
mapping, geochemical and geophysical surveys and excavator trenching. Results from
the core-sampling program led to definition of large widths of gold mineralization
in the Kena Gold Zone, with grades similar to those obtained historically (i.e.
0.3 to 2.0 g/t gold). The best previous drill hole in this zone is LK86-20, which
returned 1.55 g/t gold over a 53.5 metre length.
The success of the 1999 program lead to the 2000 work program which entailed soil
geochemical, magnetometer and induced polarization geophysical surveys followed
by trenching over the Silver King intrusive north of Gold Creek, in an area now
termed the Gold Mountain Zone. Six trenches covering an area of about 120 x 95 metres
averaged 1.43 g/t gold over their entire combined length of 182 metres with assays
ranging up to 11.38 g/t gold in one 3-metre chip sample. The "discovery trenches"
uncovered a significant new style of gold porphyry mineralization within the Silver
King intrusive.
Due to the encouraging results over the Gold Mountain Zone in 2000, an additional
six trenches were excavated and a seven-hole diamond drill program was completed
in June and July 2001. Drill results confirmed the depth extension of the widespread,
porphyry style gold mineralization within the Silver King intrusive unit and extending
across the contact into the Elise Volcanics for a short distance. Over the entire
892.5 metres drilled, core samples averaged 0.8 g/t gold (this average includes
relatively barren zones within the volcanics that assayed <0.05 g/t gold), with
intervals up to 28 metres grading >2.5 g/t gold and one 12 metre interval grading
>4.0 g/t gold. The best 2-metre core sample from these original seven holes returned
16.34 g/t gold from hole 01GM-04.
A second drilling and exploration phase was completed on the Kena Property in late
2001 and early 2002. This exploration program consisted of expanded geochemical
and induced polarization geophysical surveys, followed by 5,788 metres of reverse
circulation and diamond drilling in the Gold Mountain Zone. The results of this
exploration program show that the gold soil geochemical anomaly over the Gold Mountain
Zone extends north and west from the initial survey area to cover an area 3,300
by 1,400 metres in size. Drilling in the discovery trench area located wide zones
of "bulk tonnage type" gold mineralization with many holes returning core intervals
of greater than 100 metre widths averaging better than 1 g/t gold. Also, the drill
program encountered numerous "high grade" gold intervals with one or more 2 metre
samples running greater than 5 g/t gold in many of the drill holes. Two "bonanza
grade" intervals were found, in hole 01GM-03 where 1.23 metres assayed 240.07 g/t
gold in the intrusive and in hole 01GM-08 where 2.00 metres assayed 172.10 g/t gold
in the adjacent volcanic.
Work completed on the Kena Property from May to December 2002 consisted of drilling
7,598 metres in 43 diamond drill holes on the Gold Mountain, Kena Gold, South Gold,
Great Western and Starlight Zones. At the same time, expanded soil geochemical surveying
was done west and north on the Gold Mountain and Kena Grids to cover newly acquired
claims in the Starlight, Silver King Mine and Cariboo areas. Induced polarization
geophysical surveying covered the expanded Gold Mountain and Kena grids, plus the
South Gold Zone. Also in 2002, Fugro Airborne Surveys were contracted to survey
the main area of interest on the property, measuring about 3 by 7 kilometres in
size, with airborne magnetics and radiometrics.
The Fugro survey led to the recognition of an alteration corridor that extends the
length of the property. The alteration corridor and associated structures appear
responsible for the Keno gold zone, Gold Mountain zone and several nearby high-grade
gold intersections. In 2003 the alteration corridor was investigated with 22 diamond
drill holes, trenching and a structural mapping program.
To date more than 150 diamond drill holes have tested the Gold Mountain and Kena
gold zones.
The Initial Resource Calculations on the Gold Mountain and Kena Gold Zones have
been completed and were filed with the Securities Commission on June 16, 2004. Modeling,
QAQC evaluations and resource calculations were done by Independent Qualified Person
Gary Giroux, P.Eng., MASc., and the accompanying 43-101 Technical Report was co-authored
by Gary Giroux, P.Eng. and Linda Dandy, P.Geo (see Kena Property Resource below).
The results of the work done by Sultan Minerals Inc. may be summarized as follows:
Gold Mountain Zone
The Gold Mountain Zone lies in the northern portion of the Kena Property, north
of Gold Creek. Alteration mapping and structural geological studies show that elevated
gold values in the intrusive are related to areas of strong potassic alteration,
increased pyrite content and high fracture densities. Gold occurs as tiny grains
of free gold located within quartz veins, adjacent to pyrite patches and finely
disseminated in the intrusive or volcanic matrix.
Diamond drilling completed to date has found four different styles of gold mineralization
over this large mineralized area. All four styles of mineralization have the potential
to host economically significant gold deposits. The four styles are:
- The high-grade corridor occurs immediately to grid west of the Gold Mountain Zone
discovery area, where the majority of drilling to date has been conducted. This
corridor shows up very prominently on the airborne magnetic survey map (both total
field and vertical gradient). Three diamond drill holes, collared at 2+00N, 9+00N
and 21+00N (over a strike length of 1.9 kilometres), each had 2 metre intercepts
of high-grade gold mineralization.
- The intrusive-volcanic contact has been crossed by numerous drill holes. In many
of these drill holes, the contact has intervals with widths of 4 to 10 metres or
more that have variably elevated gold values (often averaging better than 5 g/t
gold). Elevated gold along the contact has been found from 6+00N to 11+50N (a distance
of 550 metres). The most consistent area of high gold values along the contact is
found in the discovery area near L11+00N where the contact mineralization remains
open to depth.
- The bulk tonnage, low-grade gold area was the initial focus of Sultan's early drill
programs. Many of the discovery area drill holes have broad zones of >1 g/t gold
values. With the recent increase in gold price, the excellent infrastructure in
this region and metallurgical studies pointing to easy gold recovery, a low cut
off grade can be assumed for a large bulk tonnage deposit. Of the 72 holes drilled
in the Gold Mountain, North Gold Mountain and South Gold Mountain Zones (over an
area of 2.3 by 0.8 kilometres), 47 holes averaged >0.3 g/t gold over their entire
lengths and the low grade gold zone remains open.
- The bonanza shoots of very high-grade gold mineralization have been found in the
Gold Mountain Zone discovery area. In hole 01GM-03, a 1.23 metre interval assayed
240.07 g/t gold in the intrusive rock and in hole 01GM-08, a 2 metre interval assayed
172.10 g/t gold in volcanic rock. By orienting core with foliations parallel to
the regional trend it appears that the high grade shoots (as seen by abundant small
grains of visible gold) strike roughly parallel to the grid lines (and the orientation
of much of the drilling) and dip vertically. Computer modeling will assist in directing
further drilling of these bonanza shoots.
The Gold Mountain Zone is a unique bi-modal gold system, containing bulk tonnage
porphyry style gold mineralization and narrower, very high-grade gold shoots. Geology,
geochemistry, geophysics, trenching and diamond drilling all confirm a very large
gold bearing system.
The Gold Mountain Zone Initial Ore Resource has been included in the Initial Resource
Calculations on the Kena Gold Property, which were filed with the Securities Commission
on June 15, 2004 (see Kena Property Resource below). More drilling is needed to
fully define the Gold Mountain Zone system.
South Gold Zone
Gold mineralization (along with copper and silver), as seen from drill core assays,
increases and becomes more widespread toward grid south. The prominent magnetic
feature seen in the Gold Mountain Zone trends south through the Kena Gold Zone to
the South Gold Zone, a distance of over 5 kilometres. This feature is believed to
be an important regional control to gold mineralization and may be important in
controlling the gold mineralization regionally.
The South Gold Zone was investigated with four diamond drill holes situated entirely
within the Elise volcanic package. The gold grades from hole 02SG-04, the southern
most hole, are very similar to those encountered in the Gold Mountain Zone discovery
area. In this hole, a high-grade gold shoot lies within a broad zone of low-grade
gold mineralization. The high-grade mineralization occurs in a rusty, pyritic, broken
section of core while the lower grade halo appears to be related to silica/potassium
alteration as seen in the Gold Mountain Zone.
Kena Gold Zone
The Kena Gold Zone lies 500 metres southeast of the Gold Mountain Zone. The Kena
Gold Zone has been tested with some 55 diamond drill holes conducted predominantly
by previous property owners. Like the Gold Mountain Zone, high-grade gold intervals
are found within wide zones of lower grade gold mineralization.
The Kena Gold zone Initial Ore Resource has been included in the Initial Resource
Calculations on the Kena Gold Property, which were filed with the Securities Commission
on June 15, 2004 (see Kena Property Resource below).
More drilling is needed to fully define the Kena Gold Zone system.
New Showings
In late 2000, following discovery of significant gold mineralization at the Gold
Mountain Zone within the Silver King intrusive rocks, Sultan Minerals researched
the regional geological setting of this unit. Additional ground was obtained in
2000, 2001 and 2002 by staking to the south of the original claim block, and by
optioning claims to the north and west.
During the course of the staking program, the historic Euphrates, Gold Cup and Three
Friends workings were located and sampled. Grab samples from the old workings assayed
up to 20.7 g/t gold and 2.59% copper from samples collected between 8 and 15 kilometres
south of the Gold Mountain Zone.
Option agreements, reached with surrounding claim holders, have expanded Sultan's
claim holdings to include the Toughnut, Great Western, Cariboo, Starlight, Daylight-Berlin,
Silver King Mine and Athabasca Mine claim groups. All of these properties have known
gold occurrences.
Due to the success of the exploration programs to date, an expanded program is recommended
for 2004. A two-phase program will consist of an initial phase of detailed geological
mapping and sampling in the Gold Mountain, Gold Creek and South Gold Zones. Phase
II will include excavator trenching and diamond drilling at the Gold Mountain, Gold
Creek and South Gold Zones. Also, small preliminary drill programs are recommended
for the Toughnut, Euphrates, Silver King and Athabasca Zones. Estimated cost for
Phase I is $70,500 and Phase II is $907,500.
Kena Property Resource - June 2004
The completed initial resource calculations on the Gold Mountain and Kena Gold Zones
of its Kena Property, in the Kootenay District of British Columbia were announced
in June 2004. Modeling, QAQC evaluations and resource calculations were done by
Independent Qualified Person Gary Giroux, P.Eng., MASc., and the accompanying 43-101
Technical Report entitled "Preliminary Resource Calculations for Gold Mountain and
Kena Gold zones, Kena Property, BC" was co-authored by Gary Giroux, P.Eng. and Linda
Dandy, P.Geo (filed with SEDAR on June 16, 2004).
Over both gold zones, resource calculations have been determined using cut off grades
ranging from 0.0 to 4.0 g Au/t (see Tables I & II). Management believes that a cut
off grade of 0.3 g/t gold is realistic for an open pit mining operation at current
gold prices. Using a 0.3 g/t gold cut-off the results of this initial resource calculation
may be summarised as follows:
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Gold Mountain Zone:
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Measured+Indicated
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10.18 million tonnes averageing 0.736 g/t Au
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(241,000 ounces gold)
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Inferred
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22 million tonnes averaging 0.668 g/t Au
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(472,000 ounces gold)
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Kena Gold Zone:
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Measured+Indicated
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14.68 million tonnes averaging 0.635 g/t Au
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(300,000 ounces gold)
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Inferred
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3.8 million tonnes averaging 0.699 g/t Au
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(85,000 ounces gold)
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Computer modeling done as part of the resource study indicates numerous untested
areas adjacent to mineralized blocks. The report recommends that a $1.27 million
diamond drill program be conducted in order to significantly expand resources in
the Gold Mountain and Kena Gold Zones.
Both the Gold Mountain and Kena Gold Zones contain bimodal gold mineralization where
the entire lengths of the drill holes often average between 0.3 g Au/t to greater
than 1.0 g Au/t, and may contain one or more 1-2 metre intercepts of greater than
10 g Au/t (see previous news releases from 2001-2003). The high-grade gold intervals
have an important positive impact on the overall grade of the surrounding lower
grade porphyry style mineralization. The parameters of the study are discussed in
detail below.
Kena Property Resource - Gold Mountain Zone
A total of 6,269 drill core sections have been assayed for gold on the Gold Mountain
Zone. The gold assay values form a positively skewed distribution. Partitioning
of lognormal cumulative probability plots produces statistics for 6 overlapping
lognormal populations.
On the Gold Mountain Zone there are 7 assays, which are substantially above normal.
A data cap is therefore necessary to reduce the effects of the two upper erratic
populations representing a very small portion of the data. A cap level of two standard
deviations past the mean of population 3 was selected resulting in a total of 7
samples being capped at 23.0 g Au/t. The seven samples capped had values as follows:
240.07, 172.1, 40.66, 34.44, 33.87, 32.36 and 29.84 g Au/t. While these samples
might well represent some bonanza style of mineralization in narrow structures,
at this time there is insufficient data to model or to possibly predict the orientation
or magnitude of these structures.
A rotated block model with block dimensions 20 x 20 x 10 metres was placed over
solids with the proportion of each block below the topographic surface and inside
the solid recorded. The block model parameters are listed below.
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Minimum Easting 479000E blocks 20 m wide
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75 columns
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Minimum Northing 5474400N blocks 20 m long
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125 rows
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Maximum Elevation 1650 blocks 10 m high
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55 levels
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Search ellipses to constrain the ordinary kriging runs were based on the ranges
of the semivariograms along the three principal directions; along strike, down dip
and across dip. The blocks were estimated in 4 separate passes with the dimensions
of the search ellipse a function of the semivariogram ranges. A minimum of 3 composites
and maximum of 8 composites were required to estimate a block. If more than 8 composites
were found within the search ellipse, the closest 8 were used. If the minimum 3
composites were not found the block was not estimated during that particular pass.
The Gold Mountain mineralized zone is contained within a mixture of intrusive and
volcanic rocks. Specific gravity was measured in 6 intrusive samples and four volcanic
samples. The highest value of 3.28 was removed from the calculation and the remaining
9 samples averaged at 2.82.
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